What is a 'run-level' in Solaris 10?

In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. "who -r" is the answer I gave, but even though this is still described in the Solaris 10 who(1) man page, I'm wondering what it reports since Solaris no longer uses a SysV init system? I don't have a Solaris box to try this so I thought I'd ask. Does this return the last milestone reached, nothing at all, or what? Just curious, thanks! -Wayne

Wayne wrote: > In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. > "who -r" is the answer I gave, but even though this is > still described in the Solaris 10 who(1) man page, I'm > wondering what it reports since Solaris no longer uses > a SysV init system? I don't have a Solaris box to try > this so I thought I'd ask. Does this return the > last milestone reached, nothing at all, or what? same old . run-level 3 Nov 29 10:59 3 0 S

Wayne <nospam@all4me.invalid> writes: >In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. >"who -r" is the answer I gave, but even though this is >still described in the Solaris 10 who(1) man page, I'm >wondering what it reports since Solaris no longer uses >a SysV init system? I don't have a Solaris box to try >this so I thought I'd ask. Does this return the >last milestone reached, nothing at all, or what? > >Just curious, thanks! > I don't think Solaris 10 changed the concept of run levels as the way to determine which programs to start up, only the use of shell scripts as the method for sequencing and starting them. -Greg -- Do NOT reply via e-mail. Reply in the newsgroup.

Greg Andrews schrieb: > Wayne <nospam@all4me.invalid> writes: >> In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. >> "who -r" is the answer I gave, but even though this is >> still described in the Solaris 10 who(1) man page, I'm >> wondering what it reports since Solaris no longer uses >> a SysV init system? I don't have a Solaris box to try >> this so I thought I'd ask. Does this return the >> last milestone reached, nothing at all, or what? >> >> Just curious, thanks! >> > > I don't think Solaris 10 changed the concept of run levels > as the way to determine which programs to start up, only > the use of shell scripts as the method for sequencing and > starting them. > > -Greg is there a method to switch to another milestone/runlevel by use of smf? I remember it can be done, but i still use init/shutdown. Wolfgang

On Apr 10, 1:18 am, Wayne <nos...@all4me.invalid> wrote: > In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. > "who -r" is the answer I gave, but even though this is > still described in the Solaris 10 who(1) man page, I'm > wondering what it reports since Solaris no longer uses > a SysV init system? I don't have a Solaris box to try > this so I thought I'd ask. Does this return the > last milestone reached, nothing at all, or what? There are still run-levels and who -r still reports them. The difference is that now init starts svc.startd at boot (from inittab), and informs it of run-level changes, and it does almost all the work, translating run-levels into milestones. The whole SVC system is not very well documented or designed, which is sad as it has huge possibilities.

In <47fdc611$0$633$9b4e6d93@newsspool1.arcor-online.net> Wolfgang <wtrappe@AT.web.de> writes: >Greg Andrews schrieb: >> Wayne <nospam@all4me.invalid> writes: >>> In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. >> >> I don't think Solaris 10 changed the concept of run levels >> as the way to determine which programs to start up, only >> the use of shell scripts as the method for sequencing and >> starting them. >is there a method to switch to another milestone/runlevel by use of smf? >I remember it can be done, but i still use init/shutdown. You can boot to a milestone. `man kernel' contains this information: milestone=[milestone] Boot to the subgraph defined by the given milestone. Legimate milestones are "none", "single-user", "multi-user", "multi-user-server", and "all". -- -Gary Mills- -Unix Support- -U of M Academic Computing and Networking-

On 2008-04-10, Wayne <nospam@all4me.invalid> wrote: > In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. > "who -r" is the answer I gave, but even though this is > still described in the Solaris 10 who(1) man page, I'm > wondering what it reports since Solaris no longer uses > a SysV init system? I don't have a Solaris box to try > this so I thought I'd ask. Does this return the > last milestone reached, nothing at all, or what? > > Just curious, thanks! > > -Wayne Solaris 10 still has run levels, it just uses svcs and milestones to implement most of the functionality. The old-fashioned rc script structure remains available for software that still wants to start up that way. Setting a run level now runs the appropriate rc scripts *and* sets the milestones associated with that run level. -- Christopher Mattern NOTICE Thank you for noticing this new notice Your noticing it has been noted And will be reported to the authorities

Gary Mills schrieb: > In <47fdc611$0$633$9b4e6d93@newsspool1.arcor-online.net> Wolfgang <wtrappe@AT.web.de> writes: > >> Greg Andrews schrieb: >>> Wayne <nospam@all4me.invalid> writes: >>>> In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. >>> I don't think Solaris 10 changed the concept of run levels >>> as the way to determine which programs to start up, only >>> the use of shell scripts as the method for sequencing and >>> starting them. > >> is there a method to switch to another milestone/runlevel by use of smf? >> I remember it can be done, but i still use init/shutdown. > > You can boot to a milestone. `man kernel' contains this information: > > milestone=[milestone] > > Boot to the subgraph defined by the given milestone. > Legimate milestones are "none", "single-user", > "multi-user", "multi-user-server", and "all". > yes, but how i do switch a runlevel? if runlevel is 3 i can switch to s by "init s". Smf allows to switch from a lower level to do svcadm enable milestone, but how to switch to a lower level, also svcadm enable lower-milestone? Wolfgang

On 2008-04-11, Wolfgang <wtrappe@AT.web.de> wrote: > Gary Mills schrieb: >> In <47fdc611$0$633$9b4e6d93@newsspool1.arcor-online.net> Wolfgang <wtrappe@AT.web.de> writes: >> >>> Greg Andrews schrieb: >>>> Wayne <nospam@all4me.invalid> writes: >>>>> In another group someone asked how to get the run-level. >>>> I don't think Solaris 10 changed the concept of run levels >>>> as the way to determine which programs to start up, only >>>> the use of shell scripts as the method for sequencing and >>>> starting them. >> >>> is there a method to switch to another milestone/runlevel by use of smf? >>> I remember it can be done, but i still use init/shutdown. >> >> You can boot to a milestone. `man kernel' contains this information: >> >> milestone=[milestone] >> >> Boot to the subgraph defined by the given milestone. >> Legimate milestones are "none", "single-user", >> "multi-user", "multi-user-server", and "all". >> > yes, but how i do switch a runlevel? if runlevel is 3 i can switch to s > by "init s". Smf allows to switch from a lower level to do svcadm enable Yes, you switch to a lower run level by using init. I init S on my Solaris 10 box all the time (mainly when I'm doing patching) > milestone, but how to switch to a lower level, also svcadm enable > lower-milestone? > Just init to the desired runlevel. svcadm is automatically invoked to reset your milestones. -- Christopher Mattern NOTICE Thank you for noticing this new notice Your noticing it has been noted And will be reported to the authorities

This message is in MIME format. The first part should be readable text, while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools. ---559023410-1804928587-1209651960=:7265 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8BIT On Thu, 1 May 2008, ubyt3m3 wrote: > > > > � � . � � � run-level 3 �Nov 29 10:59 � � 3 � � �0 �S > > can anyone tell me what each field (output from who -r) represents? Yes, but you'd get the answer quicker if you did your own research (hint: man who). -- Rich Teer, SCSA, SCNA, SCSECA CEO, My Online Home Inventory URLs: http://www.rite-group.com/rich http://www.linkedin.com/in/richteer http://www.myonlinehomeinventory.com ---559023410-1804928587-1209651960=:7265--

On May 1, 10:27=A0pm, Rich Teer <rich.t...@rite-group.com> wrote: > On Thu, 1 May 2008, ubyt3m3 wrote: > > > > =A0 =A0 . =A0 =A0 =A0 run-level 3 =A0Nov 29 10:59 =A0 =A0 3 =A0 =A0 = =A00 =A0S > > > can anyone tell me what each field (output from who -r) represents? > > Yes, but you'd get the answer quicker if you did your own research > (hint: man who). > > -- > Rich Teer, SCSA, SCNA, SCSECA > > CEO, > My Online Home Inventory > > URLs:http://www.rite-group.com/rich > =A0 =A0 =A0http://www.linkedin.com/in/richteer > =A0 =A0 =A0http://www.myonlinehomeinventory.com uh... i already checked the man page and there is no explanation for each field so i'm asking in this group. who -rH produces below output: # who -rH NAME LINE TIME IDLE PID COMMENTS . run-level 3 Oct 23 18:22 3 0 S But this doesn't make sense to me. PID =3D 0 and COMMENTS =3D S? I know - H gives just general headings. I'm curious what they represents.

ubyt3m3 wrote: > On May 1, 10:27 pm, Rich Teer <rich.t...@rite-group.com> wrote: >> On Thu, 1 May 2008, ubyt3m3 wrote: >> >>>> . run-level 3 Nov 29 10:59 3 0 S >>> can anyone tell me what each field (output from who -r) represents? >> Yes, but you'd get the answer quicker if you did your own research >> (hint: man who). >> >> -- >> Rich Teer, SCSA, SCNA, SCSECA >> >> CEO, >> My Online Home Inventory >> >> URLs:http://www.rite-group.com/rich >> http://www.linkedin.com/in/richteer >> http://www.myonlinehomeinventory.com > > uh... i already checked the man page and there is no explanation for > each field so i'm asking in this group. > > who -rH produces below output: > > # who -rH > NAME LINE TIME IDLE PID COMMENTS > . run-level 3 Oct 23 18:22 3 0 S > > But this doesn't make sense to me. PID = 0 and COMMENTS = S? I know - > H gives just general headings. > I'm curious what they represents. Those headers don't apply when using -r. You're right the output isn't documented, but I'm pretty sure the first part is the current run-level ("3") and the date the run-level was last changed. The previous run-level ("S") must be4 that last value, but I don't know what the "3" and "0" in the middle mean, it isn't documented anywhere. I tried reading the source code for who at http://src.opensolaris.org/source/xref/onnv/onnv-gate/usr/src/cmd/who/who.c (and also utmp.h). But a cursory read doesn't show what that output means: 675 /* 676 * Handle RUN_LVL process - If no alt. file - Only one! 677 */ 678 if (utmpp->ut_type == RUN_LVL) { 679 (void) printf(" %c %5ld %c", pterm, utmpp->ut_pid, 680 pexit); 681 if (optcnt == 1 && !validtype[USER_PROCESS]) { 682 (void) printf("\n"); 683 exit(0); 684 } 685 } This appears to be where the final "3 0 S" are printed from, but without any comments one would have to read and understand more than this to interpret those values. A little work with Google reveals this is a common question. I only found one answer to it, at: http://unix.derkeiler.com/Newsgroups/comp.unix.solaris/2003-09/1484.html From: Senthilraja R (sruthrap_at_cisco.com) Date: 09/12/03 # who -r .. run level 3 Jun 9 08:30 3 0 S 3- Current run level 0- Number of times at this run level since last reboot S- Previous run level But there is no indication that this answer is authoritative. This really should be considered a bug in the documentation and could be easily fixed by someone knowledgeable about who.c. Would one of the Sun people reading this take care of this long standing omission please, and update the who(1) man page? Thanks! -Wayne

On May 2, 2:23=A0pm, Wayne <nos...@all4me.invalid> wrote: > ubyt3m3 wrote: > > On May 1, 10:27 pm, Rich Teer <rich.t...@rite-group.com> wrote: > >> On Thu, 1 May 2008, ubyt3m3 wrote: > > >>>> =A0 =A0 . =A0 =A0 =A0 run-level 3 =A0Nov 29 10:59 =A0 =A0 3 =A0 =A0 = =A00 =A0S > >>> can anyone tell me what each field (output fromwho -r) represents? > >> Yes, but you'd get the answer quicker if you did your own research > >> (hint: man who). > > >> -- > >> Rich Teer, SCSA, SCNA, SCSECA > > >> CEO, > >> My Online Home Inventory > > >> URLs:http://www.rite-group.com/rich > >> =A0 =A0 =A0http://www.linkedin.com/in/richteer > >> =A0 =A0 =A0http://www.myonlinehomeinventory.com > > > uh... i already checked the man page and there is no explanation for > > each field so i'm asking in this group. > > > who -rH produces below output: > > > # who -rH > > NAME =A0 =A0 =A0 LINE =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 TIME =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0IDLE =A0 = =A0PID =A0COMMENTS > > =A0 =A0. =A0 =A0 =A0 run-level 3 =A0Oct 23 18:22 =A0 =A0 3 =A0 =A0 =A00 = =A0S > > > But this doesn't make sense to me. =A0PID =3D 0 and COMMENTS =3D S? =A0I= know - > > H gives just general headings. > > I'm curious what they represents. > > Those headers don't apply when using -r. =A0You're right the output > isn't documented, but I'm pretty sure the first part is > the current run-level ("3") and the date the run-level was last changed. > The previous run-level ("S") must be4 that last value, but I don't know > what the "3" and "0" in the middle mean, it isn't documented anywhere. > > I tried reading the source code for who athttp://src.opensolaris.org/sourc= e/xref/onnv/onnv-gate/usr/src/cmd/who... > (and also utmp.h). =A0But a cursory read doesn't show what that output > means: > > =A0 =A0 =A0675 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0/* > =A0 =A0 =A0676 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 * =A0 =A0 =A0Handle RUN_LVL process - If no= alt. file - Only one! > =A0 =A0 =A0677 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 */ > =A0 =A0 =A0678 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0if (utmpp->ut_type =3D=3D RUN_LVL) { > =A0 =A0 =A0679 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0(void) printf(" =A0 =A0 %c = =A0%5ld =A0%c", pterm, utmpp->ut_pid, > =A0 =A0 =A0680 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0pexit); > =A0 =A0 =A0681 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0if (optcnt =3D=3D 1 && !vali= dtype[USER_PROCESS]) { > =A0 =A0 =A0682 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0(void) print= f("\n"); > =A0 =A0 =A0683 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0exit(0); > =A0 =A0 =A0684 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0} > =A0 =A0 =A0685 =A0 =A0 =A0 =A0} > > This appears to be where the final "3 =A0 0 =A0 S" are printed from, > but without any comments one would have to read and understand more than > this to interpret those values. > > A little work with Google reveals this is a common question. =A0I only > found one answer to it, at: > > http://unix.derkeiler.com/Newsgroups/comp.unix.solaris/2003-09/1484.html > > =A0 From: Senthilraja R (sruthrap_at_cisco.com) > =A0 Date: 09/12/03 > > #who -r > . run level 3 Jun 9 08:30 3 0 S > 3- Current run level > 0- Number of times at this run level since last reboot > S- Previous run level > > But there is no indication that this answer is authoritative. > > This really should be considered a bug in the documentation and > could be easily fixed by someone knowledgeable about who.c. > Would one of the Sun people reading this take care of this long > standing omission please, and update the who(1) man page? > > Thanks! > > -Wayne- Hide quoted text - > > - Show quoted text - Thanks for the info, Wayne.

ubyt3m3 <ubyt3m3@gmail.com> wrote: >> > can anyone tell me what each field (output from who -r) represents? >> > uh... i already checked the man page and there is no explanation for > each field so i'm asking in this group. > > who -rH produces below output: > > # who -rH > NAME LINE TIME IDLE PID COMMENTS > . run-level 3 Oct 23 18:22 3 0 S > > But this doesn't make sense to me. PID = 0 and COMMENTS = S? I know - > H gives just general headings. > I'm curious what they represents. who -H gives the headings that who normaly puts out. who -r gives run level which is not related to the -H output. LINE tells you the current run level as does IDLE (for some reason that will break if its an 'S') COMMENT S means it got to run level 3 from run level S. The 0 may mean the run level its going to but I'm not sure and the only way is to do a shutdown -i5 and run who -r and see if it changes. It may also just be a place holder since I don't think the field can hold an 'S' None of this is in the man page. -tim http://web.abnormal.com

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